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Chapter 11 bankruptcy allows a business to reorganize its debts and operations to repay creditors over time and emerge from bankruptcy as a financially sound enterprise. In a Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the debtor remains “in possession” of its assets and can exercise the powers and duties of a bankruptcy trustee. A company that files for Chapter 11 will propose a plan of reorganization to the court, which will govern the company’s bankruptcy case by laying out how the company will reorganize its operations and repay its creditors.
A Chapter 11 bankruptcy begins with filing a petition with the bankruptcy court serving the federal district where the debtor company has a principal place of business. A Chapter 11 case may start with a voluntary petition – a petition filed by the debtor company – or an involuntary petition – a petition filed by the company’s creditors. Filing a bankruptcy petition imposes an automatic stay, which bars a debtor business’s creditors from initiating or continuing debt collection efforts, such as seizing/repossessing assets, pursuing foreclosure, or filing lawsuits.
A company may propose a plan of reorganization after the filing of a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition or attach a proposed plan to a voluntary petition. The plan of reorganization can propose to shut down or sell off parts of the business. The plan also must classify debts and claims against the company and explain how the plan will treat each class of claim. Creditors who will receive less than the full value of their claim under a proposed plan of reorganization have the right to vote on whether to support the plan. A debtor business has an exclusive right to propose a plan of reorganization within the first 120 days after the filing of the bankruptcy petition; a company can petition the bankruptcy court to extend this period. After the exclusivity period ends, a creditor or creditors’ committee can file a competing plan. The bankruptcy court will evaluate proposed plans of reorganization and the creditors’ approval votes to determine whether to accept a proposed plan.
A business can propose to liquidate under a Chapter 11 plan. Liquidation in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy occurs under more economically advantageous circumstances than a Chapter 7 bankruptcy and allows creditors to take an active role in determining the liquidation of assets and distribution of proceeds.
Confirmation of a plan of reorganization discharges a business’s prepetition debts, leaving the company obligated to make payments as required by the plan. However, some types of debts do not qualify for discharge. A plan of reorganization may allow a business to initiate adversary proceedings to recover money or property for the bankruptcy estate, including filing avoidance claims to seek the return of assets or property the business transferred during a certain period before the filing of the bankruptcy petition.
Businesses have additional avenues for resolving unmanageable debts. Other options companies may pursue to restructure debts include:
Choosing the best path for resolving financial difficulties caused by corporate debt can involve various considerations. An experienced bankruptcy lawyer can walk you through your legal options and the pros and cons of each alternative to help your business make an informed decision. Some of the factors your business might consider include:
When you choose the legal team at Gina H. McDonald & Associates LLC, you can expect our attorneys to help your company resolve its debt problems by:
When your business needs to undertake debt reorganization or file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy to manage unsustainable debts, a bankruptcy attorney from Gina H. McDonald & Associates LLC can provide the support and guidance you need. Contact our firm today for a confidential consultation with our legal team to discuss how Chapter 11 can help your business.